Climate change impacts Bali through floods and water shortages

Global climate change is altering daily life in Bali, bringing adverse weather, ecological pressures, and economic disruption. The Bali Zero Emissions Coalition highlights that these impacts vary across the island, from urban centers like Denpasar and Badung, which face increased risks of urban and coastal flooding, to highland areas such as Bangli and Karangasem, experiencing higher landslide vulnerability and destabilized water sources. Dry and coastal regions like Buleleng and North Karangasem face seasonal drought, coastal abrasion, and rising sea levels, with projections indicating permanent coastal inundation by 2045 under high-emission scenarios. The agricultural sector in Tabanan, Gianyar, Jembrana, and Klungkung is also at risk from altered vegetation patterns, leading to watershed flooding and disrupted irrigation. Beyond hydrometeorological disasters, Bali faces a critical freshwater deficit, with demand surpassing groundwater availability. The island's economy, heavily reliant on nature-based sectors like tourism, agriculture, and fisheries, is vulnerable to these changes. The energy sector, primarily electricity and transportation, accounts for 93.02 percent of Bali's greenhouse gas emissions, while rising household waste also contributes to environmental challenges. The Bali Net Zero Emission Coalition is addressing these issues through policy strengthening, location-specific climate solutions, cross-sector collaboration, and funding mobilization, aiming for net